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DASS-21-R - Depression Anxiety Stress Scale
Lovibond & Lovibond (original version, 1995), De Beurs et al. (Dutch version, 2001)
Goal
Measures depressive, anxiety and stress complaints
Scales
3 subscales: depression, anxiety, stress
Scores
Items are assessed on a 4-point scale (0, 2, 4, 6).
Total score: sum of all item scores.
Subscale scores: sum of item scores for relevant subscales.
Standards
5 norm categories: normal, mild, moderate, severe, extremely severe.
Norm group: non-clinical population.
Instructions
On the following pages a number of statements will be displayed.
For each of the statements, indicate to what extent the statement applied to you THE PAST WEEK by clicking on the corresponding box.
There are no right or wrong answers.
Do not spend too much time on each statement, it is about your first impression.
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